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Reissue of refrigerant and having no air conditioning out that alternative technologies - heat pumps, air conditioning, policy - heat pump industry

Reissue of refrigerant out that domestic air conditioning industry and having no alternative technologies Fleet of Foot

ozone layer protection Freon out not long, then being replaced HCFCs. If there is not innovative technology, Chinese enterprises will face a painful and endless knock-out tournament

China air conditioning industry is facing a still unsolved problem.

According to newly released State Department, "Ozone Depleting Substances Regulations" ("the Ordinance"), June 1, China will gradually reduce and eventually phase out as refrigerants, foaming agents, multi-purpose fire extinguishing agent ozone-depleting substances. Its target is now widely used HCFCs (HCFC).

Three years ago, the era of freon as a refrigerant in China declared an end, the HCFCs are considered more advanced alternatives. But the "Regulations" issued by means HCFCs soon to be declared "the death penalty." However, the Chinese air-conditioning business headache is a complete Aesthetic Alternative refrigerant technology is not yet there.

Fact, affected not only the air conditioning industry, also includes foam Plastic And other industries. China to protect the ozone layer, "post-Freon" is a road, far from being generally thought of as easy.

End of Freon With "umbrella" to describe the ozone layer very appropriate. From the Earth's surface from 20 to 50 km altitude, surrounded by an average of about 3 cm thin, absorb most of UV sunlight, to ensure that life on Earth from harm. In addition, the ozone layer like a great lid, heat the Earth play a role.

But the ozone layer, the "umbrella", has appeared in the last century, signs of decadent.

1931, the United States to synthesize called DuPont Freon chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) substances. This is in the last century is a remarkable invention, people do not need to worry about the meat bought from a supermarket within a few days decay, the summer can remain in the comfortable and cool room. After decades, Freon was widely used as refrigerants, foaming agents and cleaning agents applied.

But seven of the last century 80's, freon legendary ending. 1974, University of California, Irvine Frank Roland and Mario Molina in "Nature" magazine published papers, that such substances would freon ozone layer. They are so 21 years later won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In 1982, the Japanese Antarctic observation team found significant thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica, forming a so-called "Antarctic ozone hole."

This means that the growing role of the decline of the ozone layer protection, a large number of short-wave ultraviolet light can be opportunistic infiltration, destruction, including biological molecules, including DNA, to increase awareness of skin cancers, cataracts and other diseases likely. Moreover, the crop is facing cuts, the Earth's greenhouse effect will be more apparent.

Later, the voice of the international protection of the ozone layer have increased. In 1985, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) meeting in Austria, adopted the "Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer" (hereinafter "Vienna Convention").

Two years later, "the Vienna Convention," some members in Montreal, Canada signed the "Montreal Protocol on Ozone Depleting Substances Control" (the "Montreal Protocol"), the five CFCs and three as Fire extinguisher Raw materials, strict control of halon is listed as a "blacklist." Each member of the signing of the treaty, also promised to freeze "Ranking" of material production and consumption, and the gradual reduction in accordance with the timetable.

1990, the "Montreal Protocol" Second Meeting of the Parties held in London, some other substances such as CFCs and carbon tetrachloride are also subject to regulation.

"Ozone hole is difficult to restore, and now, if not eliminate, the amount will grow increasingly more difficult to eliminate, the cost will be increasing." Long-term performance in China's Protection of the Ozone Layer Environmental Sciences, Peking University action Associate Professor Jian-Bo Zhang said.

Performance of the Road in China

And abroad, the Chinese use of freon time much later. In 1988, the first machine-made split wall air conditioner plant in Warburg was born. At that time, air conditioners, refrigerators and other refrigeration equipment for the Chinese at that time still a very rare thing.

Protect the ozone layer is still being passed to the voice of China. In 1989, China's accession to "the Vienna Convention." In 1991, China announced to join "the Montreal Protocol," the London Amendment, and the establishment of China National Leading Group for Ozone Layer Protection. August 10, 1992, the amendment came into effect in China.

"China announced to join one of the main conditions is to determine the developed and developing countries have common but differentiated responsibilities." ZHANG Jianbo on staff reporter recalled, "the developed countries to do before the widespread use of freon refrigerators, air conditioners, 80s in the last century we began production of refrigerators, air conditioners, when the ozone hole has been formed. Therefore, developed countries need to allocate the money to help developing countries to replace the old technology. "

However, in order to substitute low-cost, high utilization of CFCs easier said than done. London Amendment entered into force in China in 1992, the domestic air conditioners, refrigerators and other freon "use large" became popular. In 1997, China's production of CFC substances such as chlorofluorocarbons peaked, the national consumption of ozone-depleting substances is about 70,000 tons, most of them by the Chinese companies produce their own, enough to run tens of millions of air conditioners.

1993, the State Council approved the "China to phase out ozone-depleting substances in national programs." After revision, the final phase-out schedule established in China. According to this schedule, as of January 1, 2010, China will complete cessation of ozone-depleting potentials (ODP value) the highest capacity of the ozone depleting CFCs and halons in the largest production and consumption. The elimination of the object, mainly concentrated in the refrigeration, foam, daily Chemical industry , Fire Large equipment and other industries.

Order to show the image of great power, China has decided to advance out of two and a half to complete the task. July 1, 2007, Changshu, Jiangsu Province, three love rich Fluorine Chemical Co. Ltd. CFC production facilities destroyed. So far, China's full cessation of CFCs and halons production.

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